Secret Russian Intelligence Network Uncovered
A team of researchers has uncovered Russia’s hidden FSB spy network, revealing its structure, mission, and reach. The findings expose the FSB’s 16th Center, also known as Unit 71330, as a top-tier electronic surveillance unit in the country.
The year-long investigation was led by analysts from CheckFirst, who used open-source intelligence and phaleristics, the study of military badges and insignias. Their unique approach helped identify how Russia’s secret surveillance teams operate.
This center continues the Soviet-era signals intelligence tradition that started with KGB Order No. 0056 in 1973. It inherited duties from the now-defunct FAPSI agency in 2003 and now conducts cyber-espionage, communications interception, and cryptographic analysis.
How Researchers Identified Russia’s FSB Spy Unit
The researchers examined over 200 insignia images from collectors and Russian websites. They traced symbols and markings to real FSB departments. These included divisions named A, B, D, K, SP (Special Programs), and others.
Based on FSB staffing protocols, the unit is estimated to have over 560 personnel. Each department has specific technical functions, from cyber operations to field surveillance.
To analyze these symbols, researchers used digiKam, an open-source photo tool, to catalog military badges. They then matched them with satellite imagery to locate secret facilities.
Russia’s Surveillance Network Spans 10 Hidden Sites
Investigators discovered ten ground-based signal interception facilities stretching from the Estonian border to eastern Russia. These bases are fitted with Circularly Disposed Dipole Arrays (CDAAs) and Multibeam Tracking Antennas (MBTAs).
These systems allow 360-degree global signal monitoring with a reach of up to 15,000 kilometers. Facilities use high-frequency antennas and satellite communication interceptors to spy on foreign governments, NGOs, and private entities.
By combining satellite data and open-source imagery, CheckFirst exposed the physical footprint of Russia’s hidden FSB spy network, one of the most secretive electronic eavesdropping setups in the world.
